MLK and Civil Disobedience-
-MLK Jr. was one of the most important leader through the Civil Rights Movement.
-MLK used Civil Disobedience, he would organize events where people would not fight back, they would just sit there and take the abuse.
- Montgomery Bus Boycott. Was one of the main events he planed. It lasted 381 days.
-At the end of the boycott thanks to MLK and Rosa Parks, Colored people were able to sit anywhere on the bus and did not have to give up their seat.
Power of the Mob
-very large group of people.
-Mobs usually get together to protest.
-This combined with Civil Disobedience always turned out in a win for the mobs.
Plessy v. Ferguson vs. Brown v. Board of Education
-Plessy v. Ferguson is a law that states "seperate but equal."
- Refers to the facilities such as bathrooms, water fountains, prisons, maternity wards, movies, buses, etc.
-Brown v. Board of Education overturned Plessy v. Ferguson in the year 1954 because it was considered unequal and unconstitutional. Which ment there could not be seperate facilities for different colored people.
Civil Rights Goals:
-People became very concerened.
-The main goals for the Civil Rights Movement was to get equal rights for colored people.
-Equal rights in the areas of Education and public facilities were a major area that the great leaders, MLK and Malcom X targeted.
-Freedom Rides, is where the black would drive to the deep south, and violate Jim Crow laws.
-Sometimes white college students would join .
Also, Malcolm Little, which changed his name to Malcolm X due to the whole slavery passing down the last name from it's white owner.
Eisenhower's role in Little Rock:
-In Little rock, Arkansas there was a school that was racially segregated and did not allow black students to enter.
-The school decided to create a blockade for the Nine black students to not enter the school.
-President Eisenhower sent the 101st Airborne after Governor Orvill Faubus sent 10,000 of the Arkansas National Guard to prevent nine selected colored students to integrate into Central High School.
-there were angry mobs behind them screaming and yelling at them because they did not believe in the idea of having to go to school with colored people.
Rights of the Accused:
-Gideon v Wainwright said that the 6th Amendment requires counsel for defendants who are unable to afford their attorney.
- If they are not able to pay for an attorney taxes will pay for legal representation.
- Escobedo v Illinois said that criminal suspects have the right to counsel during police interrogation.
- Miranda v Arizona said that criminal suspects must be informed of their right to consult with a counsel prior to interrogation.
Brown v. Board of Education:
-Over-ruled Plessy v. Ferguson.
-It stated that Plessy v. Ferguson was unequal and unconstitutional.
- Color ignites a movement.
-Oliver Brown sues school board, on behalf of his 8 year old daughter because she shouldn't be going to a school only for blacks.
Chavez and the United Farm Workers:
-Chavez formed the UFW to help earn rights for migrant workers through Civil Disobedient acts.
-He organized a very famous strike, the Delano Grape Strike.
-Participated in fasts to support different social issues.
-Though Chavez fought for Migrant rights, he was Anti-Immigration.
FHA & ADA - The Federal Housing Administration:
-Federal Housing Administration, US government agency that insured loans made by banks and other private lenders for home building and home buying.
-Improved housing standards and conditions.
-Provided an adequate home financing system through insurance of mortgage loans.
-Stabilize the mortgage market.
-Americans with Disabilities Act, a wide ranging civil rights law that prohibits discrimination based on disability.
Purpose of Filibusters:
-Used to prevent the opposing side from talking.
-A filibuster will talk continuously about random things (irrelavant), for hours at a time.
-They are very successful in court.
Sit-ins and Protest:
-Sit-in is when a group of people go into a restaurants and sit at the chairs, they would be denied to be served.
-Police would go in to remove them from the restaurant.
-The people put up a fight by acting as dead weight.
- Those people were imprisoned.
-After they would be removed, another group of people would come to replace them.
- The same process would happen over an over , and when he people that were sent to jail go out they would go straight back to the restaurants and do it all over again.
-This is very effective because the restaurant would lose business because of the sit-ins and all the people trying to get them out
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